A Mathematical Framework for QPOs in Temporal Flow Segmentation

Temporal Physics: A Mathematical Framework for QPOs in Temporal Flow Segmentation Abstract: This is a mathematical framework for understanding quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the context of temporal flow segmentation. By modeling temporal flows as superpositions of sinusoidal components and introducing discrete interactions at the Planck scale, we provide a deterministic yet complex approach to the behavior of these flows in extreme astrophysical environments. The model accounts for the finite bandwidth of temporal flows, interactions at the Planck scale, and the effects of spacetime curvature on flow behavior, offering a potential explanation for the periodic emissions observed in black holes and neutron stars. I derive mathematical relations for QPO frequencies and make predictions for future observational tests. 1. Introduction Background: The study of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in astrophysical systems, particularly in the vicinity of black holes and neutron stars, re...